Machinelike or Humanlike? A Literature Review of Anthropomorphism in AI-Enabled Technology

Due to the recent proliferation of AI-enabled technology (AIET), concept anthropomorphism, human likeness in technology, has increasingly attracted researchers’ attention. Researchers have examined how anthropomorphism influences users’ perception, adoption, and continued use AIET. However, researchers yet agree on conceptualize operationalize AIET, which resulted inconsistent findings. A comprehensive understanding is thus needed current state research AIET contexts. To conduct an in-depth analysis literature we reviewed 35 empirical studies focusing conceptualizing operationalizing its antecedents consequences. Based our analysis, discuss potential gaps offer directions for future research.